Teena Mackenzie
BDNG Lead Education Nurse, Jodie Newman Education Nurse
Learn about the early signs and onset of vitiligo, its treatments and psychological impacts. Learn how to manage and reduce the stigma associated with this chronic skin disorder.
Vitiligo is an acquired chronic disorder, which causes depigmentation of the skin. It can affect both males and females and accounts for 1–2% of the global population. The melanocytes that determine hair colour, skin colour and eye colour are progressively lost. There is no way to prevent vitiligo. At present, there are limited treatments and no cure.
Vitiligo onset and treatment approaches
Vitiligo may present in individuals with other autoimmune conditions like thyroid disease or individuals may be genetically predisposed. Onset can be characterised by the development of a pale patch of skin that gradually turns white. These patches may vary in size and texture. They may be smooth or irregular and sometimes itch. Skin texture is not affected in areas of vitiligo or normal skin.
Treatment is aimed at repigmentation of the skin in the affected area. However, some individuals may choose not to treat their vitiligo and simply learn to live with it. Treatments often include use of topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors, narrowband UVB and camouflage. Surgical treatments are reserved for those with stable segmental disease.
Depigmentation treatments are also available; these include chemical therapies or the use of laser treatment. They are only available for highly visible or disfiguring facial and hand vitiligo but may not be available in local NHS providers.
Vitiligo may present in individuals with
other autoimmune conditions like thyroid
disease or individuals may be
genetically predisposed.
Cultural and psychological implications
The condition can often be cosmetically disabling, especially in skin of colour. Many global cultures and societies place a profound significance on appearance, so conditions like vitiligo can induce loss of privilege, opportunities and upward societal mobility — impacting the psychological wellbeing of the individuals affected.
Raising awareness and reducing stigma
Practical tips to take when managing vitiligo include sun safety practices with regular application of sun protection; appropriate clothing; and shade. Tanning of the areas without pigment can increase skin cancer incidences and make any areas more prominent.
Consult a professional to find suitable treatments before trying any products or therapies.
