Dr Orla Galvin
Executive Director, European Federation of Neurological Associations (EFNA)
Health literacy refers to the ability to access, understand, appraise and use information and services to promote and maintain good health and wellbeing. Health literacy is vital in neurology. Many neurological symptoms are difficult to describe, leading to misdiagnosis and delays in care.
Health literacy empowers patients and clinicians
The more people understand their brain and nervous system, the better they can manage their health. Simple steps — like recognising the signs of dementia, stroke, migraines, multiple sclerosis or nerve damage — can lead to faster treatment and better outcomes. Education empowers patients and clinicians, improves communication with doctors and leads to better care. Understanding neurology helps us live healthier, fuller lives.
Patient experiences in neurology
A recent survey1 by EFNA (European Federation of Neurological Associations) of 4,687 people across Europe living with neurological conditions revealed the urgent need for better awareness of the human body and neurological symptoms. A surprising 85% of respondents reported that medical professionals did not believe the extent or severity of their symptoms. Sadly, 83% did not receive adequate treatment because their concerns were not taken seriously. Moreover, 56% struggled to describe symptoms to their doctor, which contributed to 67% of people initially being misdiagnosed.
71% of people with neurological
conditions had to adjust their
work roles or schedules.
Stigma, work and financial challenges
The same survey1 found that 84% of respondents experienced stigma. The main causes were the invisible nature of symptoms, a lack of understanding and misconceptions about neurological conditions. Stigma and discrimination extend to financial challenges.
It found that 71% of people with neurological conditions had to adjust their work roles or schedules, yet only 35% reported that their employer accommodated these changes. Additionally, 67% found their condition made work more difficult. Among those who applied for mortgages or insurance, 37% were denied due to their condition.
Effect on relationships and education
Discrimination also affects social life, as 36% of respondents were excluded from social events due to their condition. Among parents with neurological conditions, 31% felt inadequate because of their health. Education settings are also affected, with 54% reported struggling to build and maintain friendships, and only 17% felt their teachers or lecturers were understanding.
Greater awareness of our bodies and their signals is vital for taking control of our health. Health empowers individuals, enhancing wellbeing and improving quality of life for those living with neurological conditions.
[1] European Federation of Neurological Associations. 2024. EFNA Survey: The Invisible Issues of Neurological Conditions.
